3rd Grade Science Fair Projects

The 3rd grade may be the first time students are introduced to science fair projects. Children ask questions from a young age, but this is a great time to begin to apply the scientific method. Introduction to 3rd Grade Science Fair Projects 3rd grade is a great time to answer what happens if... or which is better...  questions. In general, elementary school students are exploring the world around them and learning how things work. The key to a great science fair  project at the 3rd-grade level is finding a topic that the student finds interesting. Usually, a teacher or parent is needed  to help plan the project and offer guidance with a report or poster. Some students may want to make models or perform demonstrations that illustrate scientific concepts. 3rd Grade Science Fair Project Ideas Here are some project ideas appropriate for 3rd grade: Do cut flowers last longer if you put them in warm water or in cold water? You can test how effectively flowers are drinking water by adding food coloring. Youll get the best results with white cut flowers, such as carnations. Do flowers drink warm water faster, slower, or at the same rate as cold water?Does the color of your clothing affect how hot or cold you feel when youre outside in the sunlight? Explain your results. This project is easiest if you compare solid colors, such as black and white t-shirts.Do all students in the class have the same size hands and feet as each other? Trace outlines of hands and feet and compare them. Do taller students have larger hands/feet or does height not seem to matter?How much does the temperature have to change for you to feel a difference? Does it matter whether its air or water? You can try this with your hand, a glass, a thermometer, and tap water of different temperatures.Are waterproof mascaras really waterproof? Put some mascara on a sh eet of paper and rinse it with water. What happens? Do 8-hour lipsticks really keep their color that long?Do clothes take the same length of time to dry if you add a dryer sheet or fabric softener to the load?Which melts faster: ice cream or ice milk? Can you figure out why this might happen? You can compare other frozen treats, such as frozen yogurt and sorbet.Do frozen candles burn at the same rate as candles that were stored at room temperature? Ideally, compare candles that are identical in every way except their starting temperature.Research what dryer sheets do. Can people tell the difference between a load of laundry that used dryer sheets and one that didnt use them? If one type of laundry was preferred over the other, what was the reason? Ideas might be scent, softness, and the amount of static.Do all types of bread grow the same types of mold? A related project would compare types of mold that grow on cheese or other food. Keep in mind mold grows quickly on bread, but migh t grow more slowly on other food. Use a magnifying glass to make it easier to tell the types of mold apart.Do raw eggs and hard-boiled eggs spin the same length of time/number of times?What type of liquid will rust a nail the quickest? You could try water, orange juice, milk, vinegar, peroxide, and other common household liquids.Does light affect how fast foods spoil?Can you tell from todays clouds what tomorrows weather will be? Tips for Success Choose a project that wont take too much time to complete. Performing an experiment or making a model often takes longer than one expects, and its better to have extra time than to run out at the last minute.Expect a 3rd-grade project to require adult supervision or help. This doesnt mean an adult should do the project for a child, but an older sibling, parent, guardian, or teacher can help guide the project, offer suggestions, and be supportive.Select an idea that uses materials you can actually find. Some project ideas might look great on paper, but be difficult to perform if the supplies are unavailable.

Raising Minimum Wage Means Raising American Concern

The people were going crazy when they first heard President Obama proposal to raise the minimum wage hourly pay from $7.25 an hour to $10.10 an hour. These people think that they are going to get more money in their pockets with a higher hourly wage. These people are clueless. They do not know the consequences that come with raising the minimum wage. Many people that work a minimum wage paying job are teenagers and young men and women, but higher minimum wages would make it harder for these teenagers to find jobs because the employers would hire more skilled workers. Also, almost all minimum-wage jobs are entry-level jobs that provide unskilled workers the experience they need to become more successful in the future with their career. Another reason that raising the minimum wage is a bad idea is that it hurts small business owners. Small businesses are going to have to hire less people and create fewer jobs if the minimum wage is increased, because more the more money spent on wage s means less money spent on materials and other expenses. Finally, the Earned Income Tax Credit already works to lift Americans out of poverty, so raising the minimum wage would be useless. Instead of raising the minimum wage, companies should teach the employees techniques to use that will increase their knowledge and allow them to succeed in the future. The main problem with raising the minimum wage would be the increase the population of Americans that are unemployed. A higher minimum wageShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Raising The Minimum Wage1503 Words   |  7 PagesWage War Alternatives to Raising the Minimum Wage Minimum wage is a topic of considerable controversy and a significant source of economic stratification. Essentially, the minimum wage policy is what defines the baseline income of â€Å"low level† or â€Å"starting positions.† Here in the U.S. most individuals will at some point in their life hold a minimum wage position. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, about 58.5% of U.S. citizens were paid at hourly rates, and about 2.6 million workersRead MoreThe Economic Case For Raising The Minimum Wage927 Words   |  4 PagesThe Economic Case for Raising the Minimum Wage The United States is recognized for its economic opportunities. Thousands come to this country for the chance to improve economic stability and climb the social ladder – opportunities usually not available in their home countries. However, there has been increasing concern regarding American wages compared to the rise in the cost of living. Many of the lowest paid workers receive wages that is far much below the federal minimum provision as stipulatedRead MoreMiimum Wage and Power to the People1746 Words   |  7 PagesThree – Power to the people The third and final alternative minimum wage is to allow the local people in the community vote on a living wage. This alternative would put all the power in the hands of the people; allowing them to decide what is best for their neighborhoods. If the people are allowed to vote in such matters, they will be permitted to use their voice and at the very least express their concerns with the gaps in minimum wage and cost of living in their community. However, there are drawbacksRead MoreEssay A Minimum Wage Increase Will Stimulate the Economy1318 Words   |  6 PagesRoosevelt endorsed the federal minimum wage law in 1938 while the Great Depression was at its utmost insolvent position. Because at this point in time the economy was at its lowest, the sole purpose for its enactment was to keep the majority of Americans out of poverty and increase consumer demand. Following the 1960’s, the minimum wage has had a very gradual increase to the point where it is now at a standby. At this moment with a recession occurring, minimum wages have not brought any benefitsRead MoreWage Gap Between The Middle Class And The Upper Class1441 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Wage is a topic that is constantly covered in the media. One big issue is the growing wage gap between the middle class and the upper class. While minimum wage increases are considered a good method to reduce income inequality, they are controversial since many business owners and economists argue that they increase the unemployment rate. Impact of minimum wage on employment One concern that is commonly mentioned during the debate on raising minimum wage is the loss of employment asRead MoreThe Economic Impact of Raising the Minimum Wage1474 Words   |  6 PagesRoosevelt’s 1937 impassioned speech calling on Congress to help the one-third of Americans who were â€Å"ill-housed, ill-clad, and ill-nourished† heralded in the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 and with it a national minimum wage. Echoes of that speech are still heard today. Senator Edward Kennedy (1989: S14707), in his criticism of the most recent increases in the minimum wage, declared: The minimum wage was, as it should be, a living wage, for working men and women ... who are attempting to provide for theirRead MoreThe Issue Of Minimum Wage Essay853 Words   |  4 PagesThe issue of minimum wage is not a new one to our society, American’s have fought for minimum wage continuously since it was introduced by â€Å"President Roosevelt on June 25, 1938 as part of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938.† (Forbes) Workers have fought to keep the minimum wage in line with demand. It is important to remember that because this is such a heated debate, we are getting fed different information from different news sources, trying to scare us into believing one way or another.Read MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage965 Words   |  4 PagesMinimum wage continues to increase, but does it increase enough? Minimum wage right now in Florida is set at $8.05 but who can really live off that. It is absurd that the minimum wage has not increase since the 1960’s in real buying power. The reason for this statement is that the minimum wage in the 1960’s allowed people to buy more items then they could buy with the minimum wage in 2013. In Order have the same buying power as in the 1960’s the minimum wage in 2013 would need to be at least $9.84Read More Increasing the Minimum Wage Will Reduce Income Inequality Essay1252 Words   |  6 Pagesperson can maximize the American Dream on the minimum wage. -- Benjamin Todd Jealous No family gets rich from earning the minimum wage. In fact, the current minimum wage does not even lift a family out of poverty. -- Jon Corzine Income inequality has been a major problem facing American society for decades, but has recently become a major concern. I personally believe the major gap between the income of the rich and poor is a not just, but is not a major concern for the government andRead MoreWages For The American Worker Essay2526 Words   |  11 PagesHonest Wages for The American Worker Congratulations, you are hired! The four words that people long to hear. However, for many newly employed workers, their new job will not pay an income that will enable them to live comfortably. In 2015, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 2.6 million Americans, or approximately 3.3 percent of all hourly paid workers earned wages at, or below the federal minimum wage. Since 2009, the federal minimum wage amount has remained stagnant. Bringing this number

Dimensional and Geometric Tolerance Strategies †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Dimensional and Geometric Tolerance Strategies. Answer: Introduction Modular construction is generally used for the single and twofold storey and multi-story private structures. Modular construction method has assumed an essential part of delivering construction components rapidly and proficiently. The modules are created in a production line and are then transported to the construction site being readied and afterward gathered. Modular construction of houses is an advancement that can possibly handle issues identified with natural and manageability worries at a fast rate, motorizes the construction procedure, empowering mass make of reasonable houses in a brief span period. Modular construction system is a procedure in which a building is built off-site, under controlled natural conditions and it utilizes similar materials and configuration structures to similar codes, guidelines and building bye-laws as ordinarily constructed offices yet in a brief timeframe when contrasted with customary house construction. Structures are made of "modules" that when assembled nearby, they look precisely like ordinary constructed (Farnsworth, 2015). Modular construction can be utilized for building impermanent or lasting building, for example, construction of camps, schools and classroom, regular folks and furthermore for military offices and modern offices. Modular structures are an ideal arrangement in remote and provincial ranges where customary construction may not be conceivable to be assembled. Different employments of secluded construction system incorporate places of worship structures, social insurance offices, and retail shops, fast food joints, and so on. Right now modular construction for structures or offices today can be work to any determination and any size from a basic one to an intricate one. Once the building components are fabricated, they are then being transported to the site for their last establishment. One of the huge points of interest of secluded construction is that it is extremely fast and it can be more affordable than a site-fabricate structure. Likewise modular construction can't be restricted by issues like serious climate and modular structures will probably oppose tremor powers since they are produced under control plant conditions (Huang, W.S., Yang, 2015). Modular construction ideas can be connected to a wide range of structures, for example, construction of workplaces, business, private, inns, and so on. Fundamentally, modular construction makes structures more grounded than ordinary construction in light of the fact that every module is designed to autonomously withstand the rigors of transportation and str etching out onto establishments. Preliminary design The objective of the pre-design stage is to recognize the venture's degree and spending plan and also any issues that could impact the consequent outline/documentation stage. Despite the fact that this stage is frequently insulted in venture spending plans, the encounter has demonstrated that its effective fulfilment improves the likelihood that the development or redesign task will be finished inside the endorsed calendar and spending plan. Adequate assets ought to be dispensed for this essential stage (Hopkins, 2014). The pre-design stage frequently incorporates a stock and assessment of existing offices, distinguishing proof of office program prerequisites, improvement of preparatory arranging choices, and fruition of preparatory cost gauges. The pre-design stage for a specific venture ought to be composed with any vital or groundbreaking strategy beforehand created for the organization. In the event that a vital or groundbreaking strategy has not been produced, the pre-design stage could be utilized to start the advancement of such an arrangement (Kerfeld, and Erbilgin, 2015). Because of the multifaceted nature of research facility offices, the outline, development, and redesign procedures ought to be arranged as precisely and mindfully as the lab office itself. This applies to all periods of the task pre-design, plan/documentation, development, and post construction. Watchful arranging is required as a result of the quantity of people that ought to be effectively engaged with the procedures and also the number and sorts of issues that should be considered all through the venture. Decision making process Choices made amid the pre-design stage set the bearing for the whole plan/documentation stage and resulting development or redesign. The customer ought to in this way grow at an opportune time a basic leadership process and set up lines of correspondence and expert that will serve all through the venture. Boards of trustees and basic leadership procedures and expert ought to be set up to guarantee fitting info and cooperation. For instance, choices identified with lab segments will require the contribution of specialists, though choices identified with the quantity of research centre modules will require a contribution from organization agents (Lawson, Ogden and Goodier, 2014). Objectives and goals ought to be set up by the customer with the help of the plan proficient toward the start of the pre-design procedure to characterize those parts of the venture that is vital to the customer. They ought to be produced working together with any beforehand created vital or groundbreaking strategy, and inspected occasionally amid the pre-design procedure to decide whether they require adjustment and to affirm that recognized issues are being considered. One system used to build up objectives is to distinguish characteristics of an effective venture. These may envelop issues identified with cooperative research; inter laboratory connections, shared instrumentation, adaptability, and flexibility. In any case, one of kind qualities of the proposed look into office ought to likewise be distinguished and celebrated as characterizing attributes (Levitt, 2014). Once the undertaking objectives have been recognized, the targets required to achieve those objectives should be built up. For instance, if community investigate has been distinguished as an objective, one target is recognized characteristics of a research centre office that empower joint effort. On the off chance that inter laboratory communication is recognized as an objective, a goal may incorporate the ID of highlights that advance such association (Li, Jiang, 2015). Detailed design and development In the outline advancement stage, the outline gather builds up a point by point get ready for all inside and outside components. Different members associated with this stage incorporate the customer gathering. Since the objective of the plan improvement stage is to finish all outline points of interest, including the stylish components of the engineering, the outline gathering especially the modular must comprehend the desires for the office and, thus, convey to the examination organization's members how his/her endeavours will address their issues. Amid this stage, the plan of all basic, mechanical, electrical, pipes, and fire-insurance frameworks and gear are concluded. Many outline experts prescribe that vast scale coordination illustrations be finished to affirm that every single such framework and related gear are completely planned with the main role of plan improvement is to additionally characterize and portray exceptionally vital parts of the undertaking so what remains is the formal documentation advance of development contract records (Li, Jiang, 20154). The coordination of these frameworks is a basic piece of the plan and documentation process for research facility development or remodel, and the establishment for this coordination are set up amid the outline advancement stage. Any illustrations created ought to be confirmed for code consistency and also for precision by the proper forte advisors. Inside rises, which give two-dimensional perspectives of the research centre insides, including lab seats and smoke hoods, and run of the mill divider areas are frequently part of the plan improvement illustrations. They are utilized to affirm that the automatic prerequisites to be met by the lab's segments are precisely and extensively reported, and they give the premise to a refreshed development cost appraise and additionally for the development records. Related reports, for example, determinations that depict all parts of the examination office configuration, are additionally given at this stage. These reports, in view of the blueprint of details arranged for the schematic plan stage, incorporate extra data, for example, particular items and producers and might be utilized to refresh past appraisals of development costs. Contingent upon the result of the cost evaluate, modification of the venture's extension and subtle elements might be expected to meet the development spending plan (Olearczyk, Al-Hussein and Boufergune, 2014). To help in vital correspondence inside the customer gathering, the modular ought to consider supplementing traditional pictorial archives, for example, floor designs, rises, and areas, with others that might be more significant to the customer. These incorporate viewpoint illustrations, three-dimensional PC helped plan (CAD) illustrations, axonometric illustrations (two-dimensional illustrations that delineate three-dimensional articles), think about models of both inside and outside outline components, and full-measure deride ups of inside and outside components, made of either paper and cardboard or the proposed fabricating materials. Development of a full-scrutinize ridicule of the proposed research centre module, allowing clients to assess the proposed plan before focusing on the outline and development of a few labs of a comparative outline, is very suggested, especially preceding the initiation of development reports (Rossow, Hackelbusch, van Assenbergh and Seiffert, 2013). The customer group must try to comprehend the general and particular parts of the outline, the client agent ought to effectively take an interest in the advancement of plan components, and the customer's senior overseers ought to support the general type of outline ahead of schedule in the outline improvement stage. The individuals from the customer gathering, including the customer's exceptional specialists, EHS agent, and delegates of the association's offices/operation division, ought to likewise be included. Once more, the customer group should complete auspicious and thorough outline confirmation of all reports created amid this stage. Every client is in charge of confirming the outline of his or her uniquely assigned spaces. Environmental issues Four noteworthy demonstrations of Congress that set the national motivation on ecological assurance have an immediate bearing on the operation of research centres. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) addresses squander transfer and lessening. The Clean Air Act (CAA) concerns air quality and its consequences for human well-being. The Federal Water Pollution Control Act covers the change and security of water quality. Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) guarantees a group's entitlement to comprehend what dangerous materials are available in offices in their group, which empowers group crisis reaction experts and nearby fire offices to secure themselves when reacting to a fire, blast, gas or synthetic discharge, or other crisis. Groups are legitimately worried about what is happening in their neighbourhoods. A research centre development venture group must get comfortable with the prerequisites related to significant ecological directions t o guarantee that the finished task accomplishes consistency (Royer, Bellatreche and Jean, 2014). A noteworthy target of quite a bit of this enactment is contamination anticipation. SARA Title III is planned to improve the correspondence between offices that utilization unsafe chemicals, the groups in which the offices are found, and the crisis reaction associations of those groups. Research centre offices ought to create brilliant projects in contamination counteractive action, crisis reaction arranging, correspondence, and open effort. This implies going past administrative consistency to guarantee helpful responsiveness to group concerns. Doing as such will cultivate great relations with the group and will ease struggle that over and over again emerges in the development of new research facility offices (Shahtaheri, Rausch, Haas and Nahangi, 2017). System test, evaluation validation and optimisation Approval of these frameworks ought to be executed as a major aspect of a formal authorizing program that starts before or quickly following fruition of the development period of the undertaking. The EHS proficient allowed to the customer group ought to supervise approval methods that include well-being and security designing frameworks. The venture group ought to likewise consider building up an introduction program to advice clients about how the research facility office was intended to help safe utilize and how the inhabitants can function securely inside their new office. This errand could be appointed to the customer's EHS delegate. Operation and upkeep manuals, which are required paying little heed to the execution of a building authorizing the process, are frequently more thoroughly arranged and investigated amid this period of the venture. Despite the fact that they are regularly neglected over the span of an undertaking, these manuals are basic for the proprietor since they give data about the operations and upkeep of all frameworks and gear. They may incorporate recordings and also print duplicate, however, there is a present activity by the National Institute of Building Sciences to institutionalize this data. The arrangement of operation and support manuals ought to be incorporated into the planner's agreement (Tretheway, Chowdhury and Vogel, Biolonix, 2015). All through the development, the general contractual worker keeps up an arrangement of development reports on which are recorded all progressions made amid development. This data ought to be thought about the first illustrations and particulars and gave to the proprietor as printed versions and, all the more as of late, in the electronic organization. The outline gathering ought to be locked in to survey and check these. These illustrations, frequently called "as-assembled" illustrations, furnish the proprietor with an exact record of the finished task. The customer's office workforce will utilize the as-constructed illustrations and the operations and upkeep manuals consistently, thus the customer should set up a procedure for refreshing these for the life of the office. Also, at long last, amid building charging staff that will work and keep up the office must be prepared on particular frameworks. This is basic for structures with exceedingly specialized frameworks. Preparing might be given through gear benefit gets that incorporate arrangements for preparing of the proprietor's staff. Notwithstanding affirmation that the building was fabricated and is working as arranged, the customer likewise requires confirmations that the building will keep on operating as arranged. The way toward reviewing and investigating as of late finished and possessed offices is called "post-occupancy assessment" (POE) and is generally done after the primary year of operation. This survey permits the customer and others required with the venture to decide how the building is performing and how to enhance the general office program (Xie, Weiss, 2015). Environmental health safety issues The cautious thought of EHS issues will empower the undertaking group to go along viably with the complex and now and again clashing exhibit of government, state, and neighbourhood controls, codes, and laws that influence development and operation of research centres. Recognize that codes and directions overseeing the development, redesign, and operation of research centres and the endeavour of a building venture by a foundation have a typical goal to ensure that the building and nature encompassing it will be sheltered. This shared opinion can make it conceivable to achieve commonsense answers for issues that may emerge in the exceptional mind-boggling administrative setting that oversees research facility plan and development. At the point when there is the struggle, the decision making the ability of educated people ought to win. This segment abridges the lawful bases for, and judicious reactions to, the different directions, codes, and mandates that influence the development and operation of research facilities. The board of trustees stresses that each real building venture group ought to have the help of EHS experts all through all periods of the research centre office plan and development process. Skill gave by these experts will enable the customer to group set wellbeing and security goals for the task, select suitable building criteria to meet those targets and recognize soundly imagined procedures for accomplishing consistency with administrative prerequisites. EHS experts ought to likewise be associated with the appointing procedure that goes before inhabitancy of a recently built or revamped office to help guarantee the operational respectability of all designing frameworks that ensure the word related wellbeing and security of the research centre clients (Yan, Alcouffe, 2017). A learned individual fr om the foundations EHS program should fill in as a specialized guide to the customer group. This individual ought to be very much educated about the program of necessities for the office; have aptitude in research centre wellbeing, natural insurance, and contamination control; be knowledgeable about working with the discerning administrative experts; and be acquainted with office designing frameworks that can make viable, safe, and consistent laps. Code and regulations Ventilation to keep up comfort and word related wellbeing Fire counteractive action to identify and stifle fires, to a limited extent by constraining amounts of combustible and risky chemicals Crisis control supply to keep up operation of indispensable life-wellbeing frameworks, for example, departure lighting, fire recognition, and assurance frameworks amid electrical interference Control of dangerous gasses to decrease the hazard from and to control unplanned arrivals of gasses Building tallness to constrain the stature of research centre structures in view of compound utilization Seismic necessities to diminish the dangers postured by quakes or, on the other hand, state level. Booking the getting of grants required for development will help forestall pointless deferrals in a venture. It is vital to give allow giving organizations early notice of noteworthy development extends inside their purview with the goal that they can envision their workload and staffing needs. Organization experts can offer rules and understanding into extraordinary nearby needs that could impact a building venture. Organizations in a few purviews jump at the chance to set up a solitary purpose of contact between the office and delegates of the task group, for the most part, the customer and planner venture directors, to encourage and facilitate the trading of vital data and to build up a decent working relationship. One advantage of this structure is that it limits the quantity of individuals who need to invest energy taking in the interesting procedures and strategies of the associations included, hence improving correspondence. At the point when an organization has clear and adequate data about a confounded research office development venture before genuine plans are submitted, it can m ove all the more rapidly through the required endorsement and permit granting process. For the most part, a task must consent to build, fire, electrical, plumbing, and mechanical codes at the neighbourhood level that might be prescriptive or execution based. Since organizations have generally differing levels of involvement in assessing complex offices like research structures, outside specialists can be an important venture toward the opportune investigation of plans and development site exercises. A few codes permit employing commonly satisfactory outside specialists for design survey and development assessment, should the office require the additional mastery or faculty to speed up a task. Conclusion To address process issues amid the few periods of a lab development or redesign venture, the board of trustees suggests the accompanying activities: Build up an arranging and basic leadership process. Arranging ought to incorporate every single important member. Choices ought not to be returned to without cause. Actualize a pre-design stage. Pre-design, including an outline proficient, amplifies final products. Assign a solitary purpose of contact for each gathering. This individual will facilitate all data trade inside the gathering and with the other (customer, outline, and temporary worker) gatherings. Nitty gritty cost appraisals ought to be finished and checked on at the finish of each stage. An unmistakable procedure for dealing with change requests ought to be created before development starts. Set up a framework for thorough survey and endorsement of records. Configuration archives ought to be painstakingly looked into and affirmed by the customer gather delegate toward the finish of each stage. Set up and execute a procedure for building dispatching. Building charging ought to incorporate the creation of operation and upkeep manuals, refreshed development archives and illustrations, frameworks testing, and preparing. There ought to likewise be a post-occupancy assessment. Proprietors ought to be great stewards. Starting at the arranging stage and proceeding for the life of the research facility office, proprietors must give sufficient subsidizing and staffing to operation and support of the structures. References Farnsworth, D., 2015. Ask a CTBUH Expert: David Farnsworth: Modular Construction in Tall Buildings.CTBUH Journal, (4), pp.58-58. Huang, W.S., Xu, Z., Yang, K.F., Chen, L., Zheng, Z.J. and Xu, L.W., 2015. Modular construction of multifunctional ligands for the enantioselective ruthenium-catalyzed carbenoid NH insertion reaction: an enzyme-like and substrate-sensitive catalyst system.RSC Advances,5(58), pp.46455-46463. Hopkins, A.S., 2014.Assessment of Modular Construction Utilization Across All Campuses of the University of North Carolina System(Doctoral dissertation, Appalachian State University). Kerfeld, C.A. and Erbilgin, O., 2015. Bacterial microcompartments and the modular construction of microbial metabolism.Trends in microbiology,23(1), pp.22-34. Lawson, M., Ogden, R. and Goodier, C., 2014.Design in modular construction. CRC Press. Levitt, R., 2014. Sustainable Construction in Indian Country: Expanding Affordability with Modular Multifamily Infill Housing. Li, Y., Jiang, Y., Chen, H., Liao, W., Li, Z., Weiss, R. and Xie, Z., 2015. Modular construction of mammalian gene circuits using TALE transcriptional repressors.Nature chemical biology,11(3), pp.207-213. Li, Y., Jiang, Y., Chen, H., Liao, W., Li, Z., Weiss, R. and Xie, Z., 2014. Modular construction of synthetic circuits using TALE transcriptional repressors in mammalian cells.Nat. Chem. Biol. Olearczyk, J., Al-Hussein, M. and Boufergune, A., 2014. Evolution of the crane selection and on-site utilization process for modular construction multilifts.Automation in Construction,43, pp.59-72. Rossow, T., Hackelbusch, S., van Assenbergh, P. and Seiffert, S., 2013. A modular construction kit for supramolecular polymer gels.Polymer Chemistry,4(8), pp.2515-2527. Royer, K., Bellatreche, L. and Jean, S., 2014, May. Combining domain and business ontologies in a modular construction method: EDF study case. InInformation and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO), 2014 37th International Convention on(pp. 1452-1457). IEEE. Shahtaheri, Y., Rausch, C., West, J., Haas, C. and Nahangi, M., 2017. Managing risk in modular construction using dimensional and geometric tolerance strategies.Automation in Construction. Tretheway, J.A., Miller, M.F., Marschke, K.W., Hale, B.R., Chowdhury, A.K. and Vogel, J.J., Biolonix, Inc., 2015.Electrochemical liquid treatment cell with modular construction. U.S. Patent 8,961,751. Xie, Z., Weiss, R., Li, Y., Jiang, Y., Weixi, L.I.A.O. and Chen, H., Tsinghua University, 2015.Modular construction of synthetic gene circuits in mammalian cells using tale transcriptional repressors. U.S. Patent Application 15/307,355. Yan, X., Alcouffe, P., Sudre, G., David, L., Bernard, J. and Ganachaud, F., 2017. Modular construction of single-component polymer nanocapsules through a one-step surfactant-free microemulsion templated synthesis.Chemical Communications,53(8), pp.1401-1404.

Waste Management Essay Example

Waste Management Essay With a population of over 1. 2 billion, rapid urbanization and modernization of India is simply inevitable. Most of the cities are under-prepared for the rapid growth, because the infrastructure lacks serious development. Waste Management has become a matter of great concern to most city corporations, and there have been some instances of management collapse even in metropolitan cities in the year 2012. All this build-up took place within a single decade, which is why many corporations have awakened to the rude shock. There has been an unpredictable increase in both industrial and domestic wastes.The government and corporations have now taken cognizant of things that require immediate attention, and a lot of funds have been diverted to various waste management projects. Municipal waste is very different from the rural waste, which mostly comprises of agricultural and organic matter. Moreover, the total waste is rural areas is dispersed across a wider land area, which makes it more ma nageable. Since the urban population is obviously multiple folds more than the rural population, waste management becomes a very challenging task.Waste Management was conveniently done by dumping waste in rural areas, which then gave rise to a bigger menace of ‘pollution sinks’. Residential and commercial wastes are mostly in semisolid and solid forms. Even the bio-medical wastes, which have been treated fall into this category. Industrial waste on the other hand is not included in this category. Municipal solid waste management is quite a complex process, which clearly means a lot of investment in infrastructure, technology, and planning. It means efficiently handling: * Institutional waste * Dead animals waste at slaughter houses * Demolition and construction wastes Wastes which gets accumulated on the roads * Waste derived from horticultural processes * Treated bio-medical waste * Waste due to drains and outlets * Sludge from industries * Commercial waste from the ma rket areas All these processes have to be handled on a large scale, which is why the government of India has come up with many infrastructure improvement plans. JNNURM program (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission) is designed to create equitable, responsive, efficient and productive cities. Urban Local Bodies and the state governments are actively working towards bringing about urban transformations.Most of the reforms are aimed at infusing highest sustainability to infrastructure developments. In fact â‚ ¬ 253. 59 million has been approved for 44 projects. Hence, solid Waste Management sector in India has become a very lucrative sector for investors. Millions of tons of wastage are sent to the landfills near most of the metropolitan cities like Mumbai, Ahmadabad, Bhopal, Chennai, etc. These undertakings are managed and run by both government and private enterprises. Let us now look at some of the solid waste management projects taking place in some Indian cities. Mum bai, MaharashtraMumbai, better known globally as the Financial Capital of India, has a huge population of over 13 million according to the census of the year 2011. The city spans beyond a 472 sq kilometers, and generates approximately 9,500 MT of solid waste everyday. 7,000 MT of freight is recyclable and bio-degradable, and the remaining 2,500 MT of waste comes from construction and demolition projects. The city has four major landfills Mulund, Deonar, Kanjur and Gorai. The landfill of Gorai was closed scientifically in the year 2007. Deonar is another big landfill on the eastern suburbs, and here the waste is simply dumped without any kind of treatment.Even this dumpsite it is scientifically closed by covering it with an impermeable layer. 65 hector area of this dump is used for generating landfill gas collection. Ahmedabad, Gujarat This city generates more than 2,400 MT of non-segregated waste every day. More than 1,000 vehicles make trips to and from two of their major dumpsites , Pirana and Gyaspur Sanitary Landfill. The budget of â‚ ¬ 27. 30 million has been allocated to the Gyaspur scientific landfill development. Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh The only landfill of this city, the Bhanpur Dumpsite is located at around 15 km away from the city limits.There are proposals of opening three more new landfills around the city. These landfills of 64 acres are expected to serve for a period of 20 years. The project cost is estimated to be around â‚ ¬5,550,000, which is roughly around 400,000,000 INR. These projects will involve waste processing, along with deriving compost manure. Bangalore, Karnataka Bangalore, with a population of 8. 5 million, produces nearly 3,000 MT of waste per day, which comprises of around 53% of vegetable and organic waste, while paper and plastic makes for about 20%.Presently, there is a scarcity of landfills and with an erratic garbage collection system (as a result of privatization), the people of Bangalore have begun to dump the waste at any street corner resulting in garbage strewn all across the city. As per the directive from High Court dry and the wet waste generated in Bangalore city have be transported to different landfills instead of dumping them together. Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) is to transport only dry waste to the Mandur landfill. The wet waste is to go to the temporary landfill at Survey No. 1 of Chikknagamangala village, Sarjapur Hobli on the city’s outskirts. The State government has recently identified a new landfill which is spread across 94. 35 acres. The Government is also looking for foreign players to help resolve this issue. A Sri Lankan group has come forward to invest  Ã¢â€š ¬ 38. 46 million and they will implement Israeli waste management technology. Key drivers for the growth of Waste Management sector * Stricter norms are being proposed by the government for treating hazardous industrial wastes. Supreme Court rulings and public interest litigations are actively planning for managing domestic wastes. * Now that size of landfill space is shrinking with the increasing population in rural areas, it has become imperative to use better management and new technologies for managing waste. * Many government schemes and grants are being handed over for infrastructure development in small and medium sized towns. What it means for international companies Invariably, India offers excellent opportunities for international or foreign companies specializing in various waste management processes.Even the companies selling products and technology will find India as a big and lucrative marketplace. With a growing urgency for efficient waste management in many cities across India, there will be more and more projects and employment opportunities in the sector. As seen in the above mentioned cases, foreign companies get the golden opportunity of partnering with Indian players to create integrated solutions in various waste management areas like feasibility st udy, design and planning, technical consultations, waste treatment technologies, restructuring of existing waste collection systems, etc.Some of the areas where foreign companies can play an integral part are: * Engineering services * Transportation and waste collection * Technical consulting * Performing feasibility studies * Landfill treatment * Composting technologies * Dumpsite treatment * Waste treatment plants * Operation and maintenance services * Biological waste treatment * Mechanical waste treatment * Sewage sludge treatment * Treatment and recycling

Comitatus Essays - Maldon, Essex, Local Government In England

Comitatus Essays - Maldon, Essex, Local Government In England Comitatus The concept of comitatus is important for understanding the actions and attitudes of a thane and his relationship to his lord. A band of thanes pledged themselves to a feudal lord who was known for his bravery and generosity. They swore to defend him to their death, and they considered it shameful to leave the battlefield if their chief was slain. According to their loyal code, if their leader was killed, his life must be avenged. He was their lord, and they were his loyal, proud retainers. They were known for their courage, bravery, recklessness, and foremost, for their loyalty. In return the lord provided them with protection and shared his weapons and wealth with them. The Battle of Maldon is a glorification of the ideas of comitatus. This pure heroic poem exemplifies the 'glory' of heroism that is undimmed by the defeat. The real subject of this poem is not the battle but the deeds and deaths of heroes. In many ways, these Anglo Saxon ideas can even be seen in general American society today. Citizens in today's society relate to their leaders in similar ways as thanes related to their lords; this contemporary use of comitatus can be seen in present day sports teams, religious orders, country defenses and fraternities. The American society, however, does not portray the ideas of comitatus when it comes to their political leaders and government. High level of competitiveness in present day sports demands good leadership and comitatus from team members for success. Team leaders are like the lord represented in The Battle of Maldon, because they encourage their teammates to be intent on succeeding in their 'battles' against the opponents. Byrhtnoth, the leader of the English army, encouraged his thanes, urging every young man to be intent on fighting if he wished to win fame at the Dane's expense (112). Comitatus is shown by the teammates who do not give up during the 'battle' and fight until the very end of a match or tournament. The teammates of a team always want to keep their honor and the honor of their captain by fighting hard and never returning home without a valiant effort. Like the thanes in Anglo Saxon literature, the teammates must live with a sense of honor and honor is shown in competitiveness and success. Religious orders in today's society also show sense of comitatus. Like thanes they will fight for their Lord until death and will demand resistance even when all hope of success is gone and retreat would be wiser. In all religions, priests vow to spread the word of their Lord and are ready to loose their lives in doing so. The thanes in The Battle of Maldon also wanted to either lose their lives or avenge their lord (114). Members of a country's defenses have always followed comitatus. As warriors for their country, they are bound by the code of loyalty to their country and are ready to risk their lives in battle. This spirit-code is also seen in The Battle of Maldon, where the brave young men stood brave in battle, eagerly intent on who might be the first in taking the lives of the doomed with their weapons. The slain fell to the earth, but they stood resolute (112). Leaders of present day defenses, however, do not seem to follow the comitatus as in Anglo Saxon literature; they do not fight in a conspicuous place in the front line. Byrhtnoth, lighted down in that place where he most wished to be, where he knew the loyal men of his own household were (109). Fraternities in present day colleges in the US also have a representation of the Anglo Saxon idea of comitatus. Fraternity brothers show a code of loyalty and respect is given to the leaders. They vow to assist each other and encourage each other to success. The thanes also followed this code of loyalty as is shown in The Battle of Maldon: it is needful for us all for each to encourage every other warrior in the fighting (114). The American society does not seem to follow the ideas of comitatus when it comes to their leaders and government. In Anglo Saxon literature, leaders were respected at all times and were

An Insiders Look At Whats New And Whats Next For CoSchedule

An Insiders Look At Whats New And Whats Next For 2016 has already been an epic year for  . We launched a ton of new features and have more in store before the year is up. We are so excited that we hosted a live demo to show off the new features and talk about what next. Garrett Moon, our CEO and co-founder brought an insiders look and answered your questions. Check out the recording below! Watch This:  4 New Features Launching This Year + 3 You Should Already Be Using!Whats New Your NEW best friend in the social queue: Social Tagging. How to schedule all your social videos directly in . Why your social messages should live in ONE place (and how to end the tedious, repetition of scheduling them one at a time). With a full calendar, its sometimes hard to find things. Our improved search feature will let you find what you need, when you need it. Whats Next Instagram. Yeah thats right! Social Media Automation (We call it ReQueue) Analytics.  Get details on how you messages are performing. An entirely new editing experience. Does this feel like Christmas yet?

Testing Procedure Specifications Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Testing Procedure Specifications - Assignment Example TPS come in handy in ensuring that the software used by an organization is up to date and error-free. The accuracy of software is critical for any company (Haladyna et al. 57). By having regular TPS reports, our company will minimize complaints from clients about crashes. Remember, our clients are our greatest assets and we should, therefore, strive to maintain them and win their confidence and loyalty. Accurate TPS gives a company a competitive edge over the rest (Conley et al. 18). The staff is, therefore, advised to give regular and accurate TPS reports to minimize complaints from clients. This morning alone, two clients complained about crashes that seem to have emanated from sloppy code. In order to make everyone accountable, the company has introduced a new cover sheet. Consequently, from now henceforth, the company is putting cover sheets on all TPS reports before they are released. Kindly note that the staff is advised to stick to this new stipulation. This is simply a quality control check to ensure that everyone conducts a quality check on the TPS reports before releasing them. Programmers are advised to ensure they run the simulation so that it matches up to the template. This step ensures the simulation is up to manufacturer specifications (Rego et al. 16). They then have to document the test on the TPS report and put it on the cover sheet with their ID number. The new cover sheets will only act as quality control check to make everyone responsible (Williams et al. 71) Perhaps it is important to note that our clients are our priority; we offer them the best-customized software solutions to their software problems, and we safeguard our business. From tomorrow, I will select a team of staff to examine how the issues of quality control. If you want to be part of the committee, simply forward your name to the relevant office. Only programmers or managers with 3 to four years of experience will be considered.

Contemporary Culture and Its Effects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contemporary Culture and Its Effects - Essay Example Adopting contemporary culture has affected lives both in a positive as well as negative manner. It has made our lives fast and more technology oriented but if specifically seen from the view of creative industry, it has not given what it should. The following essay is based on the stance that contemporary culture has not given what it should, and this stance is supported by the evidences of different researches. This paper makes a conclusion that different researchers analyse the affect of contemporary culture on music industry. Gilbert is one of those authors who have discussed music with respect to modern culture. According to Gilbert, only a few studies emerged on the subject of music itself. There were lots of researches on relationship of youth with media but less work on the understanding of music. The dance culture and music culture have also changed. Contemporary culture has posed problems for both dance culture. The music is also no longer a source of sensory pleasure because of excessive modernization. There is more focus on production of more music without understanding the true essence. Cultural theory has an assumption that it is the consumption pattern which determines production and not the other way round. It means that the lifestyle of consumers is very important and it shapes the pattern of production. In other words, identity of a person is more important than the work lif e a person has. A person has to sell himself in society to be acceptable and starts earning.

Homelessness Essay Example for Free

Homelessness Essay Homelessness is the condition and societal category of people who lack fixed housing, usually because they cannot afford a regular, safe, and adequate shelter (Smith Keown-Bomar, 2007). The homeless can either be sheltered or unsheltered. Many causes are attributable to homelessness. It could be due to natural disasters, war, mental conditions, poverty, substance abuse, lack of parental care, eviction by landlords, poor government policies on social welfare and housing. This category of people may be seen on the street in abandoned apartments, cars, hotels, refuge camps, or double-up with friends and relatives. Various means of counting the homeless in different countries have been designed, one of such techniques is point-in-time count adopted by United States Department of Housing and Urban Development which is used in all Continuum of Care among communities for better planning of government programmes and policies especially on housing and social development. For the success of the counting process, objectives are set and various methods of actualizing these goals are recruited. There is need to create a well-trained working group who are involved in planning, execution and monitoring progress of the count, as well responsible for improving and maintaining standards of the process. A point-in-time count coordinator is selected who calls for meeting, send out letters to the stakeholders in the communities stakeholders such as county judges, mayors, law enforcement, local jails, schools, local businesses with vested interests, hospitals, churches, local media outlets, and private citizens. He prepares the agenda related to the planning process, among other things. In a nutshell, determining actual number of the homeless is a difficult task due to their life style. However,proper planning and cautious execution of the count would help in identifying possible solution to housing and necessary social support to the homeless and the communities at large.

Humorous Wedding Speech by the Best Man -- Wedding Toasts Roasts Speec

Humorous Wedding Speech by the Best Man When Daniel came to me and asked me to be his best man, it was a great honour but, when I looked at all the duties required of me, I felt he’d be better off choosing someone else. Then he offered me a fifty, but I told him that it wasn’t a decision that money could change. So then he offered me a hundred. Anyway, good evening Ladies and Gentlemen - My name is Rob and it’s my pleasure to be Daniel's best man today. So let me tell you about all those best man duties that originally concerned me, because I was immediately stumped by the first one: ‘ensure that the groom’s face and hair are in order.’ Well Daniel, I have to say that if nature didn't get them in order the first time around, what chance did I have? It was also my responsibility to ensure the groom choose his clothes wisely. Well, there wasn't a suit in the shop that he didn't try on. As many of you know, Daniel's job as a Policeman requires him to keep calm in stressful situations, so it was a bit of a surprise when he asked the shop owner if he could throw in a spare pair of underpants too. My second duty was to get Daniel to the church on time. Not an easy task, particularly since Kim's nickname for Daniel is 'Everlast' - not for his bedroom skills, but for his time keeping. We have GMT, we have BST, but is anyone here familiar with PWT? Well, Daniel Wilson Time runs about 40 minutes behind either ... ...2 of us on the trip and it’s only fair that the culprit for this unfortunate accident remains anonymous, because it could ruin his wedding day if anyone else found out. Thinking that was pretty much it, Kim reminded me of a duty that wasn’t on my list. As best man, it is my job to keep all Daniel’s past female acquaintances at bay. I told her not to worry as the wedding is on a Friday, and I doubt they'd be allowed the day off school. So now I come to my final wedding day duty which isn’t a duty really – it’s a real pleasure: on behalf of the bridesmaids and myself I sincerely wish you, Daniel, and your lovely wife, Kim, everlasting love and happiness! Ladies and gentlemen, to the bride and groom!

Continental Airlines

Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off Continental Airline’s Tech Strategy Takes Off Amrita Ranchhod 152109103 Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 1 Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off Company profile Continental Airlines is the world’s fifth largest airline. Continental, together with Continental Express and Continental Connection, has more than 2,750 daily departures throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia, serving 133 domestic and 132 international destinations. More than 750 additional points are served via current alliance partners. Continental has hubs serving New York, Houston, Cleveland and Guam, and together with its regional partners, carries approximately 63 million passengers per year. Based in Houston, Texas, the airline must provide an IT infrastructure to support its global reach. Its IT department delivers services for internal operations as well as for its customer service and external Web applications. 0. Make a small description of the case pointing out the main management issues. This case study demonstrates how Continental Airlines adopted new strategies and how they got successful when most of the U. S. based airlines were in risk of bankruptcy after the 9/11. The company wasn’t very highly regarded because of its organizational culture and it’s IT and Biz. Strategy weren’t aligned. Continental slowly reinvented itself by using new strategies, â€Å"Worst to First† which made them one of the most admired global airline in the world. They used IT as a service centre and aligned Biz. with IT. 1. Describe the external environment and Continental’s strategic goals After the 9/11, the nation’s airline industry struggled to regain altitude, because of the loss of billion of dollars since a smaller number of people wanted to fly which made thousands of people loose their jobs. But it is believe that the U. S. airlines were already struggling before the attack due to broader economic and competitive issues. Also, economics problems in the U. S. and Japan and the weakening of the dollar has not helped for the recovery of the airline industry. See appendix 1) The legacy carriers – American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, United, Continental Northwest and US Airways had to face new lower-cost competitors entering their Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 2 Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off markets, and all airlines had to face soaring fuel prices over the last years. According to Phil Baggaley, the senior airlines credit analyst for rating agency Standard & Poor’s, â€Å"The legacy carriers were forced to pull back their capacity and that opened a vacuum that the low-cost carriers could fill. I think 9/11 made a material difference in that way -it accelerated a trend that was already occurring. † (www. money. cnn. com). This lead to an unused aircraft, demand for new planes went down which didn’t help the manufacturers and their suppliers. To understand better Continental Airline’s external environment I will use SWOT analysis: Strenghts ? Revenue : Revenues increased of 17. 1% from 2005 to 2006 ? Profits: Operating Profit: during fiscal year 2006 operating profit was $468 million, compared to operating loss of $39 in 2005. Net Profit: during fiscal year 2006, net profit was $343 million, compared to net loss of $68 in 2005. ? CEO: The CEO of Continental Airlines played and important role in stimulating the company. The â€Å"Go Forward Plan† made possible to focus on every aspect of the organization. ? Target Market: Having a well-defined target market, Continental provides services to upper-class and business travelers. ? IT Integration ? Clear Vision Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 3 Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off Weaknesses ? Financial Difficulties: The company had some financial problems with great amount of debts and operating at loss. ? High Operating Costs: Continental had a high operating cost because they decided to attract consumers by offering in-flight meals preventing them from going to other airlines. Opportunities: ? Reestablishing Customer Base: The airline industry is becoming â€Å"normal† as in returning to pre-9/11 status. ? Align new marketing strategy, more consumer oriented, with low cost strategies. Threats: ? September 11th: The public lost faith in the airline industry after the September 11th and for many companies this meant bankruptcy. Even after this, the majority of the airline industry had lower profits. ? Oil prices were getting high ? Increasing Rivalry As stated in the case study, Continental Airlines was ranked at the very bottom of the list of airlines and regularly received low marks for customer service. Its external environmental was very instable and each carrier was trying very hard to save the company from bankruptcy. The company had 45 different CRM systems and the carrier had no way to verify who the most important customers were. The company’s strategy was mainly to identify and increase the loyalty of continental’s most important customer and also to find new customers even outside the U. S. keeping prices stable and increasing routes. The way they implemented this strategy was basically creating and IT department which would improve customer services and operations. Bethune’s â€Å"Worst to First† business strategy made reorganize the Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 4 Case Study: Continental Airline? Tech Strategy Takes Off company’s structure by launching new service routes. But according in Teradata (www. teradata. com), Bethune’s â€Å"Worst to First† business strategy relied little on technology. Bethune began by reshaping the company with his â€Å"Go Forward Plan,† which still guides the business today. The Go Forward Plan has four interrel ated parts, dealing with the airline’s product, finances, market and people: ? Fly to Win: Understand what products customers want and what they are willing to pay for. ? Fund the Future: Manage costs and cash flow so the airline can continue to operate. Make Reliability a Reality: Get customers to their destination safely, on time and with their luggage. ? Work Together: Create a culture where people want to come to work. The second phase of Bethune’s strategy, â€Å"First to Favorite†, the IT team decided to transform the airline’s CRM systems into one which made possible to save around $6 million costs in operating costs. 2. What are the new management capabilities and business processes? Are they information-intensive? How they work? Continental’s success was due to the use of innovative technologies to improve internal operations and customer service. The real-time data warehouse provided data from 25 internal operational systems and two external data sources loaded into the data warehouse. The source systems included: schedules, inventory, employee and crew payroll, airline tickets, customer care, and others and it was applied to areas such as revenue management, customer relationship management, flight management dashboard and fraud detection. The CVM provided by Continental’s database, allowed them to Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 5 Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off know the most profitable customers which helped the marketing department in customer segmentation. Management understood that good quality information was critical. According to Jane Beeby, Continental’s Senior Director, as part of its strategy to optimize service, Continental maintains unique 800 numbers for various types of customers. For example, international fliers dial a different number than do customers booking domestic flights. Rewards Program members have their own toll-free line. To even more precisely identify individual customer needs, callers may also respond to a series of network-level prompts before being connected to an agent. (www. cisco. com). The new capabilities and business processes attained by the company made possible to know more about their customers which lead to more profit and consequently to a better customer service. 3. Does IT have a strategic role at Continental? (Apply Porter’s 5 forces model) As an early adopter of new technology, Continental Airlines uses the latest information technology allowing the company to progress. I believe that IT was a brilliant opportunity to invest in the future providing real-time business intelligence which made possible to save $500 million in costs and revenues produced a ROI (Return on Investment) of more than 1. 00% (See Appendix 2). One thing worth mentioning is that one of the key resources at Continental were the employees. More productive employees lead to better margins. The ability to deal with problems efficiently, in turn, created job satisfaction, as employee see their efforts give way results. According to Porter’s analysis, The Five Forces determ ine the competitive intensity and therefore the attractiveness of a market. Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 6 Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off Threat of New Entrants: Continental is implementing a unique strategy making hard for new companies to enter the market and uncrease barriers. Therefore, there is a low threat of new entrants because the service they are offering is difficult to copy ? Bargaining Power of Suppliers: The bargaining power of suppliers will decrease because as Continental is controlling more information about customers therefore they are offering exactly what costumers need which makes possible to build brand awareness – the bargaining power of the company increases. Threat of Substitutes: The IS strategy gives to Continental Airline a competitive advantage because they control customer’s information therefore they are able to capture loyalty of them and minimize substitutes. ? Bargaining Power of Buyers: Since there is a new IS th e company is increasing barriers for customers switching costs. The buyers are becoming more loyal and establishing a bound to the company services which makes difficult for them to change. Therefore the bargaining power of buyers is decreasing. Conclusion – The information systems at Continental have a strategic impact in because they have a major positive impact in: ? Increasing Industry Rivalry ? Lowering Customer Bargain Power 4. Regarding their business value analyse the IT systems mentioned positioning them in McFarlans’s Matrix. According to the McFarlan’s Matrix listed bellow, for example CRM (Customer Relationship Management) plays a strategic role in Continental’s Airline, because the existing and future expansion is vital to the firm’s success. CRM made possible the Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 7 Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off lose relationship between the company’s customers and each employee, giving these last ones better information about specific needs of their customers. Loyalty is very important for them, so by using the data warehouse with real time information ensured higher customer retention. The CRM system also facilitated crossselling (off ering customers complimentary products based on their previous purchases) and up-selling (offering customer’s premium products in the same category). Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 8 Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off 5. How the process of Biz and IT alignment should be performed at Continental? Make 3 recommendations. Alignment is always going to be a moving target. Business objectives are in change, while IT tends to move in more stable patterns. From my point of view the key recommendation is to focus on what can the company achieve now and take one step at a time. For them to be aligned there should be a balanced in terms of communication. Business people â€Å"speak in business language† and IT people in technical terms. To solve this problem, we should put this two together and â€Å"make them† find their own language and this involves communication, process alignment and value demonstration. These people must have the right tools and skills to work together so they can arise the best strategies. In my point of view, creating a new department, in theory is easy but they are always full of obstacles and always busy. For example, employees profiles can be created to gather information about their competencies. Also within the organization make audit objective as ensuring a strong coupling between the business operations and the IT operations and to ensure that both the operations align with the overall business strategy. Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 9 Case Study: Continental Airline? Tech Strategy Takes Off References Chris Isidore, (September 8th 2006), Airlines still in upheaval, 5 years after 9/11: www. money. cnn. com [Acessed at 15th November, 2009] Teradata Corporation, Case-Study – Data Warehousing: www. teradata. com [Assessed at 16th November, 2009] Cisco Systems, Inc, Soaring with Intelligent Contact Management: www. cisco. com [ Assessed at 16th November, 2009] Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 10 Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off Appendix 1: Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 11 Case Study: Continental Airline? s Tech Strategy Takes Off Appendix 2: Amrita Ranchhod Pagina 12 Continental Airlines Meagan Young Chapter 10 I believe that Lorenzo’s confrontation with Continental’s unions could have been conducted a different way. They could simply listen to each other’s viewpoint and not interrupt with one another is speaking. This way each other can hear their viewpoint and maybe understand one another better. If Lorenzo would have listened to what his employees were trying to say, he may have gotten ideas from them and used them for his company. Both these companies experienced commonalities and contrasts. Both Bethunes and Southwest Airlines experienced debt issues. Both companies were puzzled as how to deal with this situation. Both companies however had the similar approaches as how to deal with the debt situations. Bethune definitely has a better management style than Lorenzo’s. this is because Bethune was willing to come up with solutions to come out of debt. He also made dramatic changes. In 1995, through a â€Å"renewed focus on flight schedules and incentive pay,† he greatly improved on-time performance, along with lost-baggage claims and customer complaints. Better communications was also a key element in improving employee relationships and the spirit of teamwork. Information was shared with employees through newsletters, updates on bulletin boards, email, voice-mail, and electronic signs over worldwide places. As you can see Bethune really wanted to improve Continental Airlines because he wanted what was best for the company. Bethune proved a master at changing employees’ attitudes and their sense of pride. Few top executives ever faced such a negative workforce, reflecting the Lorenzo years. But Bethune changed all this, and in such a short time. is open-door policy and open houses to encourage employees to interact with him and other top executives was a simple gesture, but so effective, as was his opening wide the channels of communication about company plans. The incentive plans for improving performance, and the freeing up of employee initiatives by abolishing the rigidity of formal policies, were further positives. He enge ndered an atmosphere of teamwork and a personal image of an appreciative CEO. This goes to show that Bethune is a trustworthy man and cares much about his company and the employees. The paint issue shouldn’t be a big issue. It gave the company a new look I think. Giving employees some kind of reward such as a bonus or incentive seems ideal. When they reach a certain goal or percentage and show they are hardworking employees, they could receive one of these. Before doing this I would supervise how they are working to make sure they are doing what they are supposed to. After studying their work ethics I would then determine what kind of reward I would present to them. Lack of communication is one of the biggest issues with not only top executives but anyone in the company. I’m sure not all of the upper management had the same ideas for Continental, and because of this some were left behind. This could be a downfall because one of them could have had a really good idea to present to the company. Because workers are not getting paid what they should, you can offer them something else. You can offer them better company benefits. This can help the employee tremendously, especially if they have a family. You could also tell the workers that if they reach a certain percentage that they can receive a raise. All of these ideas can motivate an employee to work harder at their job.

Deviant Behavior and Consequences

Employees occasionally break the rules on the job. This behavior is called â€Å"work place deviance behaviors†. In the workplace when employees break rules on purpose this can affect the organization and its members negatively. Workplace deviance is classified into two categories-organizational deviance and deviance between people. On the hand in schools, teacher’s deviant behavior by breaking rules by breaking rules can affect the school and students in a negative way. The deviant behaviors of teachers can have serious consequences.These consequences can impact the welfare of others in the school setting that had nothing to do with the educator’s deviant behavior. In some cases it can cause a Domino effect to occur (one issue compounds on another issue, etc) According to Galperin &Burke (2006) teachers putting their reputation on the line means you can trust them and you can depend on them and you can depend on them doing the right thing. But when teachers beha ve negatively, it destroys all trust and belief in the person.The following information is a case of teacher’s deviant behaviors in a school setting, the impact of their behavior and others and the consequences of their devious acts. It is sad that Joe Paterno, head football coach at Penn State University failed to uncover the sexual acts against 10 boys by his assistant Jerry Sandusky for 15 years. After thorough investigations by the authorities 48 criminal charges were filed against the suspects Joe Paterno and Sandusky.This incident is a typical example of deviant behavior confirmed by a psychologist -Alycia Chambers who was invited by Penn State University to discuss the case. According to news reports students rioted for many days destroying cars and property. Another problem that occurred was that the NCAA levied a fine of $60 million dollars against Penn State University. Some Penalties against the University were: Five year probation, a four year post season ban, dis missal of all wins from 1998-2011 (which constitutes 112 wins), and the loss of 40 scholarships from  2013-2017.These penalties will be a problem for Penn State University and its football team for many years. As a result of this unfortunate occurrence at Penn State University, many other colleges across the nation have been affected too. Many of these colleges changed their rules to avoid similar problems of sex abuse scandals. In another case, Bishop Eddie Long. an Atlanta, Georgia Bishop of a prominent mega church of over 25,000 members was accused in a sexual scandal.According to the Huffington Post Newspaper, September 15, 2010 issue, Bishop Long is being accused of seducing 2 young men into sexual acts. These men’s lawyer, Bernstein, claimed Bishop Long abused his spiritual authority to seduce his clients with cars, money, clothes, jewelry, international trips and access to celebrities. Also, this case is considered a pedophile incident. If Bishop Long is found guilty of the charges, he stands to spend many years in prison. Thirdly, the Catholic Church has a long history of sex abuse scandal where the priests molest young boys in so many incidents.The former Pope Benedict and Pope Francis with all his Bishops have apologized to the entire world about this sad behavior. Although many of the deviant acts may seem negative, there are positive ones as well. According to Galperin (2002), deviance may have positive and negative effects. The positive ones are called â€Å"constructive deviance† while the negative effects are called â€Å"destructive deviance†. Galperin described constructive deviance as voluntary behavior that is contrary to the rules of any organization.On the positive side of deviant behavior is called â€Å"constructive deviance†. This consists of doing random acts of kindness such as raking some ones’ yard free of charge , helping an elderly person pump her or his gas or giving someone who is homeless a bag of groceries ; grab a couple of dozen sweets or bagels for coworkers; help someone load groceries into his car; giving homeless person a temporary place to stay; leave a hefty tip for friendly service at your favorite restaurant; donate unused books to any local library and leave change in a person’s parking meter.By doing these things without looking for a payback is participating in â€Å"constructive behavior†. The impact and consequences are more favorable. Doing more random acts of kindness in school settings are helping students with homework issues in an open session, assisting parents with economic issues, assisting parents to get children to school on time and by checking on student’s safety in and around the school grounds. Teachers doing these things without looking for a reward or pay back are participating in â€Å"constructive behavior†. ConclusionTeachers must build trust among students and exemplify professional decorum at all times. S tudents are not your equal. You are dealing with the ratio of an adult to a child. Students look up to teachers for positive guidance. Teachers are leaders in the school and community. Despicable leadership and deviant behavior causes an eruption to the person’s leadership style and derails and or demoralize the positives between the students and the teacher’s relationship. Students as well as their parents should feel they can attend school in a safe environment away from predators.

Women and Literature Essays

Women and Literature Essays Women and Literature Essay Women and Literature Essay The book under consideration goes by the name of â€Å"The Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands† and was written by the rather infamous author by the name of Mary Seacole. Basically, what is to be presented here from the book is the fact that Seacole presented her help during the Crimean war which was rejected on the base of her race, as the times back then were very biased. The book was written by her in the year 1857 and presents to the readers an extremely interesting autobiography of a Jamaican woman, who came to be known as a rival of Florence Nightingale all the way through the period of the Crimean War. During the war she had presented the offer of helping out as a nurse and that too voluntarily but her offer was rejected completely on the base of her race. Impervious, Seacole got started autonomously to the Crimea where she where she performed an outclass task as doctor as well as a mother to injured soldiers at the same time as running her big business, known as the British Hotel.An eyewitness to a great number of battles, she presents to us flamboyant accounts of how she put up with sickness, onslaught and other adversity at the Crimean battlefront, getting past the discrimination. In the introduction that has been presented to us in the Penguin edition, Sara Salih knowledgeably goes through the metaphorical complications of Seacoles book to discover the sumptuousness of her story.AnalysisVoyager, industrialist, healer as well as a woman who belonged to a rather interesting background, Mary Seacole is a remarkable and mesmerizing figure, transgressing all traditionalist limitations. Mary Seacoles standing after the Crimean War definitely contended that of her corresponding person Florence Nightingale but for a very lengthy period of time she was an over and done annotation in history, and this almost certainly was related to the fact she did not belong to a while middle class family, but was as a substitute the progeny of two race s, her father being a Scottish person and her mother was a black Jamaican woman. Mary Seacole, since the time of her birth was a born healer as well as a woman who had remarkable energy, and with these skills she triumphed over bureaucrat unresponsiveness and ethnic prejudice as she endeavored to prove her significance as a Nurse on equivalence with Nightingale herself. Seacole voyaged extensively before arriving in London, where her proposal to help as a nurse in the war was met with discrimination and snub.Seacole made efforts completely on her own without taking help from anyone and went out to the battlefield, and she put her life at risk to bring console to the injured and dying armed forces; and turned into one of the first black woman to make a blot on British communal life.But at the same time as Florence Nightingale has worn-out in times gone by, Mary Seacole was downgraded to murkiness until very lately.The book under consideration is one that tells us in her own words abo ut her travels, her occurrence, and her life as a lady in color living in a time of prejudice, narrow-mindedness and racial detestation. The book definitely is a very good read and presents to the readers in its many pages a woman of bravery and ethical assurance that whatever she did all the way through her life and every step that she took was right. She did no wrong. It can be said that with her efforts Mary Seacole optimized the Crimean War in a manner that Nightingale never could achieve. This book is one that should be read in schools so that everyone could learn from her bravery. Mary Seacole is to a certain extent an indefinable stature for the reason that she never got to retain any official appointments as well as due to the fact that she did not leave behind a great body of printed works. As has been mentioned previously this book written by her was first published in 1857.As known to all, Mary Seacole was born in Kingston, Jamaica in the year1805. She was the daughter of a Scottish army officer and her mother was a liberated black woman who held up the responsibility of a boarding house in Kingston. Marys mother also helped out people who were sick. Later on all of her knowledge was passed on to Mary who later also turned into a doctress.In the year 1850 Kingston was smacked by a cholera epidemic. Mary Seacole, with her herbal medicines, played an imperative function in dealing with this sickness. She also compacted productively with a yellow fever eruption in Jamaica. Her distinction as a medical practitioner cultivated and she was soon performing operations on people who had knife and gunshot injury. During one trip to Panama she helped take care of people throughout an additional cholera epidemic. Mary performed an autopsy on one casualty and was as a result gifted to learn further about the way the disease assaulted the body.Later on in the year 1853 Russia invaded Turkey. Britain and France, worried about the increasing power of Russia, went t o Turkeys support. This divergence came to be known as the Crimean War.At the time when the Crimean war took place in the Crimea, some of the divisions from Jamaica were hurled there to brawl. Correspondents, like Times journalist, William H. Russell, wrote back reports related to the horrifying state of affairs for the unwell and injured. Nearly twenty thousand British soldiers died during the Crimean war out of which only about three thousand died in the battle field while the remaining seventeen thousand died due to the break out of diseases over there. Recruitment took place and Florence Nightingale was taken upon so as to put in order and educate nurses to toil in the armed forces hospitals of the Crimea. As soon as Mary Seacole heard about the conditions that were taking place, she believed that her familiarity with tropical diseases was fundamental to Britains war labors.As Mary was very fond of her boys coming from Jamaica, she wished to adhere to the contingents she was fam iliar with from Kingston in Sebastopol. Gathering all of the fulsome letters of commendation from armed forces doctors in Jamaica, Seacole came into London in the year 1854. she started off by applying to the War Office for the position of hospital nurse since in her own terms she said, â€Å"knowing that I was well fitted for the work, and would be the right woman in the right place (Seacole, p. 123). This was the first time when her assistance was rejected on the base of her race. After that she submitted an application at a range of military offices as well as at Florence Nightingales institute. Even though there was an enormous scarcity of appropriate women to depart to the Crimea as nurses, her application was rejected by everyone. As a final point, acrimoniously dissatisfied that not a soul seemed to desire the aid she was generously offering, Mary wrote in her biography, â€Å"Doubts and suspicion rose in my heart for the first and last time, thank Heaven. Was it possible t hat American prejudices against color had some root here? Did these ladies shrink from accepting my aid because my blood flowed beneath a somewhat duskier skin than theirs† (Seacole, p. 126).Disinclined to acknowledge trounce, Mary took on a business called the British Hotel, not many miles from the battlefront. This was the place where she vended food and drink to the British soldiers. By this way she was able to gather money so as to pay for the medical healing she provided to the soldiers (Seaton, P.1).ConclusionIn the light of the above discussion we can hereby culminate that Mary Seacole was a very learned person, but was declined to be taken up in Florence Nightingales team due to her ethnicity which was not linked to a middle class white family.

Cunto se demora la green card por trabajo

Cunto se demora la green card por trabajo El tiempo de demora de la tarjeta de residencia por trabajo varà ­a desde apenas unos meses de tramitacià ³n ordinaria hasta esperas variables de varios aà ±os. La diferencia radica en la categorà ­a de visa de trabajo por la que se obtiene la tarjeta de residencia. (Y en algunos casos tambià ©n afecta el paà ­s de origen). Categorà ­as en las que no hay espera para la green card por razones de trabajo Cada aà ±o fiscal se conceden 140,000 tarjetas de residencia por motivos de empleo, divididas en diferentes categorà ­as. Las denominadas 1, 2, 4 y 5 no tienen que esperar a que haya visas disponibles, porque el nà ºmero de visados es superior al de peticiones. Pero,  ¿quà © empleos estn comprendidos en esas categorà ­as? Anualmente se conceden hasta un mximo de 40,000 visas en la categorà ­a 1. Dentro de esta hay tres tipos de empleos posibles: EB-1 (a), para la crema de la crema profesionalmente hablando. Pueden aplicar por ellas personas extranjeras con habilidades extraordinarias en las Artes, las Ciencias, el Deporte, la Educacià ³n o los Negocios. Son profesionales tan excepcionales que no necesitan tener una oferta de trabajo. Es decir, pueden aplicar ellos mismos por la tarjeta de residencia, sin patrocinador. EB-1 (b), para profesores universitarios o investigadores sobresalientes con al menos de tres aà ±os de experiencia profesional reconocida internacionalmente. Es necesario que tengan una oferta de trabajo y que la solicitud para la tarjeta de residencia la presente una universidad o un instituto, pà ºblico o privado, de investigacià ³n. EB-1 (c), para ejecutivos o gerentes que lleven al menos tres aà ±os trabajando en el extranjero para una filial o subsidiaria de una empresa americana. Tampoco hay tiempo de espera para la categorà ­a 2 (EB-2), para la que hay reservada 40,000 tarjetas de residencia por aà ±o fiscal. Pueden beneficiarse los profesionales con una maestrà ­a o doctorado o, en el caso de tener sà ³lo una licenciatura, debern tener cinco aà ±os de experiencia laboral. Tambià ©n encajan en esta categorà ­a las personas con habilidades excepcionales en los Negocios, las Artes y las Ciencias. Es decir, deben ser muy superiores a la media en su campo. Aunque generalmente se necesita una oferta de trabajo y que el empleador solicite la tarjeta de residencia para ellos, hay casos en los que el extranjero que cumple con los requisitos arriba mencionados puede solicitar la green card por sà ­ mismos si puede probar que la aprobacià ³n de su solicitud servirà ­a los intereses nacionales de los Estados Unidos. De hecho, hay abogados especialistas en este tipo de casos que se conocen con las iniciales NIW (por Waiver por interà ©s nacional, en inglà ©s). Otra categorà ­a sin tiempo de espera es la 4 (EB-4), que son conocidos como Emigrantes Especiales. Es necesario que el empleador americano solicite la tarjeta de residencia para ellos mediante la planilla I-360. Pueden beneficiarse por esta categorà ­a: Sacerdotes, monjas, rabinos y otros trabajadores religiosos.Ex trabajadores del Canal de Panam.Ciertos miembros del Ejà ©rcito de los Estados Unidos.Empleados jubilados de organizaciones internacionales y dependientes.Asimismo, trabajadores en el extranjero del Gobierno estadounidense. En este à ºltimo caso, la peticià ³n de la green card no debe hacerse mediante la I-360, sino que debe utilizarse la planilla DS-1884. Por à ºltimo, los inversores dentro de la categorà ­a 5 (EB-5) tampoco estn sujetos a disponibilidad de visas y espera. Hay que resaltar que aunque no hay tiempo de espera por visas en las categorà ­as arriba mencionadas, hay unos meses de demora en la tramitacià ³n ordinaria. Tiempo de espera para la categorà ­a 3 y otros trabajadores Los trabajadores que obtienen la tarjeta de residencia por la categorà ­a 3 (EB-3) o por la de otros trabajadores esperan en estos momentos cuatro aà ±os y medio, para los casos de ciudadanos de Latinoamà ©rica y Espaà ±a. Otros paà ­ses, como India o China tienen tiempos de espera superiores. En la categorà ­a 3 y en la de otros trabajadores recaen: Profesionales con licenciatura (B.A. o B.S.).Personas sin estudios superiores pero con una habilidad profesional especial y experiencia laboral de al menos dos aà ±os.Personas sin habilidades especiales pero cuyo trabajo requiere una experiencia laboral de al menos dos aà ±os. Para esta subcategorà ­a no pueden otorgarse ms de 10,000 tarjetas de residencia por aà ±o fiscal. Las personas que estn esperando por una green card en esta categorà ­a pueden verificar los tiempos de espera en el Boletà ­n de Visas del Departamento de Estado, teniendo en cuenta la fecha de prioridad de su aplicacià ³n. Por à ºltimo, tener en cuenta que para esta categorà ­a es siempre necesario obtener una certificacià ³n laboral y tener una oferta de empleo y que el empleador estadounidense realice la peticià ³n de la green card mediante la planilla I-140. Se recomienda tomar  este test para verificar  que se tienen los conocimientos necesarios sobre green card.

THEORIES AND PRACTICE OF LEADERSHIP essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

THEORIES AND PRACTICE OF LEADERSHIP - Essay Example espite all considerations, leaders are also believed to be people with special innate characteristics that actually make them leaders, those who obtain certain personal qualities such as extraversion, intelligence, ability to interact with one’s followers. Moreover, leaders are good in sharing responsibility with others in order to enable each team member contribution to the construction of common goal by means of understanding the relationships. Therefore, leadership becomes the task that involves relation and interaction between the people involved into common business and which realize the companys objectives and the way how to reach them. In such relational role, leader is no more a single executor, but one becomes a co-creator of what the team, department or community wants to create. Besides, modern leader is not just a person who controls the performance of certain processes, however, one possesses a role of mentor and coach with the ability and skills to involve employ ees in the development of something, thus provides them advice, opens new developmental opportunities and possibilities for discussing and search of possible consensus. With the task role of cultivator, leaders work to ensure good business environment where people would be able to create and diversify ideas and decisions. It means that if a team has such a helper or facilitator of the process, the members would impose upon leader’s decisions and would try to participate in the dialogue providing partnership, giving creativity and discovering innovation (Pless & Maak, 2004). The following paper will investigate some of the leadership principles that can assist in the future performances; the relationship between the guiding principles of leadership will also be discovered. The role of leaders in not exaggerated in the modern business environment due to the multifacing that one should be. The ability to persuade others, make proper decisions in a tough conditions, knowing how to resolve

Assignment about lean six sigma Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

About lean six sigma - Assignment Example Common Team Tools and Their Application to Lean Six Sigma Six Sigma refers to an approach that involves a rigorous procedure that ensures a team delivers its maximum yield. Its philosophy is best summarized by the abbreviation DMAIC, which stands for definition, measurement, analysis, improvement, and control (Donald & Kubiak, p. 23). This method defines the required steps that a Six Sigma practitioner must follow. It starts with the identification of the problem and follows through to the implementation of a long lasting solution. This methodology is widely accepted and practiced. Team tools are the assessments, ice breakers and other practical activities that are employed to help teams get back on track, move forward or help build trust among team members (Donald & Kubiak, p. 23). This section discusses the team tools as applied to Six Sigma. Definition is the first step of any project during which the business goal and potential resources, project depth, and timeline are clearly d efined. The problem is defined, customers identified, and the way forward charted. The measurement concept entails data collection in a bid to establish the performance standard. This measure will be compared to the measure at conclusion to establish whether goals have been met. This measured data is critical since it forms the basis for gauging the performance of a project team. At analysis, the main task is to identify, corroborate, and select causes for elimination. A number of root causes are identified and a vote is cast, the top three or four causes are identified and the process is done recursively using complex analysis tools until the valid root cause is identified (Donald & Kubiak, p. 23). In improvement, solutions to problems are identified, tested, and implemented. Measurement identifies the creative measures to solve or eliminate the problem identified in the previous step. Techniques such as ‘Six Thinking Hats’ and ‘Design of Experiments’ are used in this step. These techniques may be avoided incase solutions are obvious. Finally, the control stage serves to sustain the gains as improvements are monitored to ensure sustainable output. This process also involves an update of training and business strategies and records. In some cases, control chart techniques are used to graphically assess the stability and progress of a progress. Types of Teams The most common on teams are the vertical/functional teams. These are teams formed to execute explicit tasks and routinely include members from various levels in the hierarchy or a business. Modestly put, a vertical team consists of a manager working with subordinates in a certain functional department (Devine, p. 330). Examples of vertical or functional teams include departments in an organization such as Accounts, personnel or Engineering. On the other hand, horizontal or cross-functional teams consist of experts from different departments coming together to work on various task s within an organization. The team members may come from different departments such as design, research and development, technical, and marketing. Once formed, horizontal teams are typically self-directed and make decisions that do not need the approval of the management (Devine, p. 302). Horizontal

A woman's beauty put down or power source Essay

A woman's beauty put down or power source - Essay Example The author investigates the present state of the issue and reveals that even the advantages, which women have in comparison to men, for example, their beauty an sex appeal, do not bring any visible benefits to the representatives of fair sex. â€Å"For close to two centuries it has become a convention to attribute beauty to only one of the two sexes: the sex which however fair is always second. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.† (Sontag 154) The first essential factor that was addressed by feminists is sexualization. The author emphasizes the role of mass media that actively promotes the image of a sexy woman is considered to be the one of the main factors, which contributes to the attitude towards women as towards the toys, which are created specially to have sex with men. The nude woman’s body can be seen everywhere: in the advertising, newspapers, in video clips. Beauty competitions also contribute to the formation o f the attitude towards women as towards objects. Women want to be sexy, but their sexuality finally turns to be a problem for them, a something they can be blamed for. To have sex is still a shame for women and normal for men. â€Å"Hence, when we are discussing women, we are generally discussing the sex interest common to both men and women, and this disturbs our point of view. The fact is that sex interest is a common possession that the unit in human life, even more than among lower animals, is always a male and a female bound together by love. Just as a body can function in sleep or under the influence of a narcotic, for a time seemingly independent of the mind, so a man or a woman can live for a time in seeming independence of the opposite sex; but from any biological point of view, such a separate existence of male and female is only a transient effort† (Barnes 3). The images of slim female bodies with a perfect look are everywhere: on